Romani, Baltic in Lithuania

Introduction / History

Originating in western India, Romani (Roma) communities have spread across the world. They typically speak the language of the region where they settle, even developing a new dialect of Romani by combining Romani words with words of the new region’s languages. Romani call themselves Roma, which in their language means "men." Rom is derived from the Indian word Dom, meaning "a man of low caste who gains his livelihood by singing and dancing." The Romani language, therefore, comes from the name the Romani call themselves. In Lithuania, they speak the Baltic Romani dialect.

They began spreading westward in the tenth century. By the twelfth century, large Romani groups had established themselves in the Balkan Mountains of Bulgaria and by the fourteenth century in Lithuania. Many Roma left Lithuania for Russia seeking a better life; by 1840, only 70 Romani families had registered in Lithuania. The ?ejaki Roma made their home in Lithuania as a Roma priestly caste and harp makers but became extinct during World War II. Today, the small and distinct communities living in Lithuania associate themselves with Heladytka Roma, Ruska Roma or Polska Roma.

Romani traditionally lived as nomadic gypsies, meeting their needs by performing as hired entertainers and through criminal activities. To non-Romani, they remained mysterious and distinct. They still carry the reputation of being potentially dangerous gypsies. Some do not possess identity cards because they fear discrimination or persecution.

What Are Their Lives Like?

People often assume that all Romani have dark hair, complexion and eyes; however, Balkan Romani sometimes have lighter skin and even blond hair and blue eyes. Their ancestors mixed with Europeans, likely giving them these physical attributes. Many of the Balkan Romani have settled, often in villages or near towns and cities. Some still travel by caravans of cars, trucks and trailers.

In the past, Baltic leaders did not allow the Romani to own land, so they began developing unique occupations, which they still do today. These included such things as fortune-telling, horse trading, market vending, entertaining, acrobatics, and metal and woodworking. Baltic people especially regard the Romani for their musical abilities and dancing. Many sing and play instruments at weddings, baptisms and festivals. Unfortunately, Baltic people also know the Romani as beggars and thieves. Petty theft (usually by children), begging, and black market peddling sometimes provide families with income. This reputation has caused much discrimination against them. In many countries, they are last in line for jobs. Some of the women work as domestic helpers but are paid very low wages and they have no health benefits. Many have insufficient housing and unsatisfactory medical attention.

The chief loyalty of a Romani is to his family members, who are extremely important to him. Extended family members usually live together, and those who live in separate homes often telephone or make daily visits to each other. Their unique lifestyle separates them from non-Romani.

What Are Their Beliefs?

Demographic records show that most Romani are Christian, as the Romani assimilate to the religion of the land. However, many have maintained their religious traditions and beliefs. They believe they have extraordinary spiritual power. They read tarot cards, and other groups around them believe that they wield unnatural control in the spiritual world.

What Are Their Needs?

As one of the poorest people in one of the poorest European nations, the Roma have extreme needs. They often encounter problems with language, housing, healthcare, education and unemployment. Lacking proper documents, the Roma cannot register with the government and so do not qualify for most benefits. As illegal immigrants, most live in settlements lacking piped water and sanitation. Meeting healthcare needs (like ambulance response) has proven nearly impossible with no address. Still speaking Romani in the settlements, they leave school at a young age to help their families with most remaining illiterate, disqualifying them from employment. Contrasting greatly in appearance and lifestyle to the average Lithuanian, the discrimination the Roma face seems to be a root problem for many of their needs.

Prayer Points

Pray that the Romani of Lithuania who have been rejected and discriminated against will find love and acceptance through Christ.
Ask God to give them dreams that speak to them about his great power and love for them.
Ask God to strengthen, encourage, and protect the small number of Romani Christ followers.
Pray for Romani Christian believers to disciple others, who in turn will disciple others.

Text Source:   Joshua Project